[ 5.282664] sata_mv sata_mv.0: version 1.28
[ 5.282714] sata_mv sata_mv.0: cannot get optional clkdev
[ 5.288154] sata_mv sata_mv.0: slots 32 ports 1
[ 5.294763] scsi0 : sata_mv
[ 5.298008] ata1: SATA max UDMA/133 irq 21
But the sata link remains down.
5.650426] ata1: SATA link down (SStatus 0 SControl F300)
So the disk control board doesn't seem to get it up. If the disk is ok then there are two possible reaons, your psu has a problem, not sufficient power to start the disk or the power circuit on mainboard of cloudbox has a defect. The disk needs a 12v and 5 volt supply. The 5 v is required to let control board of the disk function. The 12 v is used to let the disk spin. The 5 v is made by the mainboard from the 12 v coming from power supply. If that circuit us defect then it is end of the show.
But you could try another psu first or measure the voltage when the unit starts up and see if it keeps 12 v
